D2 Tool Steel
High-carbon, high-chromium cold-work tool steel. Air hardening, the most commonly used grade in the D-series.
Chemical Composition
| Element | Percentage (% by weight) |
|---|---|
| C | 1.4 - 1.6 |
| Mn | max 0.6 |
| Si | max 0.6 |
| Co | max 1 |
| Cr | 11 - 13 |
| Mo | 0.7 - 1.2 |
| V | max 1.1 |
| P | max 0.03 |
| Ni | max 0.3 |
| Cu | max 0.25 |
| S | max 0.03 |
Physical Properties
- Density (kg/m³)
- 7700
- Melting point (°C)
- 1421
Mechanical Properties
- Hardness (HRC)
- 62
- Hardness (HV)
- 748
- Elastic modulus (GPa)
- 190 to 210
Thermal Properties
- Thermal expansion (/°C)
- 10.4e-6 (20-100C)
Also known as
Direct equivalents
Same material sold under a different naming standard.
Heat Treatment
- Forging
- 1065C down to 954C, do not forge below 926C
- Annealing
- 871-898C, furnace cool at 4.4C/hr or slower
- Hardening
- preheat slowly to 815C, raise to 1010C, hold 20-45 min, air cool
- Tempering
- 204C for ~61 HRC, 537C for ~54 HRC
Typical Applications
- Blanking and forming dies
- Thread rolling dies
- Long-run wear-resistant tooling
Buying This Grade in Pakistan
Used in Karachi's tool and die shops for stamping, blanking, and thread-rolling dies, the kind of work the government-backed Karachi Tools, Dies and Moulds Centre (KTDMC) in Korangi Creek Industrial Park was set up to support. Buyers usually source D2 as imported round bar or plate rather than locally rolled, since it's not a commodity grade Pakistani mills produce.
Related reading
- Steel grades for Karachi's tool and die shops: D2, H13, K100, P20 compared
A buyer's guide to the four main tool and mold steel grades Karachi's die shops order, and how to tell which one a job actually needs.
- H13 vs D2: choosing between hot-work and cold-work tooling
A practical comparison of H13 and D2 tool steel for Pakistani die shops: when each one is the right call and why swapping them fails.
- D2 tool steel: composition, hardness, and why Karachi's tool rooms default to it
What D2 tool steel is made of, how hard it gets, and why it's the default cold-work grade in Karachi's die shops.
Grade Family
Cold-work tool steel (Group D)
Need a custom size?
We offer cutting services to provide the exact dimensions you require.
Contact Sales